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Title
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Postcard Set, Eloise Benson, Gulf Breeze, FL to Mark X. Benson, August 12, 1945.
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Author
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Eloise Benson, Mark X. Benson, Curt Teich & Co., Inc.
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Abstract/Description
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A set of postcards from Eloise to Mark that depict views in New Orleans.
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Identifier
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uwfgbhs1945-08-12_MXB_Postcard
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Format
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Set of related objects
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Title
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Postcard to J.H. Varnum from T.T. Wentworth, Jr., October 24, 1924.
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Author
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Theodore Thomas Wentworth, Jr., J.H. Varnum
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Abstract/Description
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Postcard addressed to Mr. Varnum Cyclops KKK City C/O Florida Business University Brent Building Postmark is Pensacola, Oct. 31, 1924. Reverse professional printed and reads: Pensacola, Fla., Oct. 29, 1924, Faithful Friend:- Friday night, October 31, 23 will nominate presiding officer. On the following Friday night, November 7, we will elect a presiding officer. Be sure to attend these two meetings. Have you a paid-up card? Faithfully yours, Your Secretary T. T Wentworth KKK
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Date Issued
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October 29, 1924
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Identifier
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uwf_ht_2016.035.0296
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Format
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Set of related objects
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Title
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Postcard, Mark X. Benson, Birmingham, AL, to Eloise Benson, Gulf Breeze, November 13, 1942.
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Author
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Mark X. Benson, Eloise Benson, Curt Teich & Co., Inc.
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Abstract/Description
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Postcard with romantic banter from Mark to Eloise.
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Identifier
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uwfgbhs1942-11-13_Postcard
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Format
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Set of related objects
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Title
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Postgraduation residency plans of sub-saharan African doctoral students in the United States.
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Author
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Ayivor, Sandra
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Abstract/Description
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The international student population in the U.S. is rising annually. Upon graduation, the students make postgraduation residency decisions to remain in the U.S., return to their home countries, or move to a new destination. Research on international students' postgraduation plans points to various factors that influence a stay or go decision. However, research on postgraduation plans has not focused on doctorate recipients from sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently, educational, business, and...
Show moreThe international student population in the U.S. is rising annually. Upon graduation, the students make postgraduation residency decisions to remain in the U.S., return to their home countries, or move to a new destination. Research on international students' postgraduation plans points to various factors that influence a stay or go decision. However, research on postgraduation plans has not focused on doctorate recipients from sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently, educational, business, and government leaders lack information about this population that is crucial to address the effects of brain drain. This quantitative study adopted Lee's push-pull theory, which explains the push, pull, intervening, and personal factors that influence migration, to examine the postgraduation residency plans based on sex, age, marital status, dependent status, field of study, and economic classification of country. The responses to the Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED) were analyzed using Chi-square and logistic regression tests to answer the research questions. The results indicate that, on average, 60% of all sub-Saharan African doctorate recipients plan to reside in the U.S. postgraduation. Furthermore, the variables were statistically significantly associated with postgraduation residency plans. Age, marital status, dependent status, and economic classification of the country of origin were significant predictors of postgraduation residency plans of sub-Saharan African doctorate recipients. Leaders in sub-Saharan Africa and the United States can use the results for student support services and employment-related decisions. Future research should consider employing longitudinal research, mixed methods designs, and include other variables that may provide comprehensive knowledge of the factors that influence postgraduation residency plans.
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Date Issued
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2020, 2020
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Identifier
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1201541186, WFE0000710
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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POSTMODERNISM AND THE THEORY OF SIGNIFICANCE.
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Author
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Smith, Benjamin Ashley, Prewitt, Terry J., Low, Douglas B., Power, Nicholas P., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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Commentators often construe postmodernism as a consequence of the modern “crisis of representation”. This makes it a troublesome philosophical notion because philosophy is often understood to center on representations. According to John Deely (2001), the theory of significance called “semiotics” explains representation and thus surpasses modernism. In this thesis, I critique Deely’s account of postmodernism as semiotics. I defend Deely’s claim that semiotics is the postmodern theory of...
Show moreCommentators often construe postmodernism as a consequence of the modern “crisis of representation”. This makes it a troublesome philosophical notion because philosophy is often understood to center on representations. According to John Deely (2001), the theory of significance called “semiotics” explains representation and thus surpasses modernism. In this thesis, I critique Deely’s account of postmodernism as semiotics. I defend Deely’s claim that semiotics is the postmodern theory of significance, but argue that his account is exclusivist and incomplete in part. I also propose the label “putative postmodernism” to name the typical construal of postmodernism. I explore, in terms of semiotics, its expression in the work of Michel Foucault and Jean-François Lyotard, though I conclude that putative postmodernism has only a superficial unity.
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Date Issued
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2007
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Identifier
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WFE0000014, uwf:60762
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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POTENTIAL ZOONOTIC RESERVOIRS FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI.
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Author
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Ajidahun, Abidemi Oyebisi, Lepo, Joe Eugene, Karouna-Renier, Natalie K., Stewart, George L., Behan, Kristina J., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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The mode of transmission of Helicobacter pylori, the cause of gastric ulcers in humans and a Class I human carcinogen, remains inconclusive. However, its presence in domestic animals or environmental waters is a public health hazard. In order to elucidate potential modes of transmission and circumvent limitations associated with the viable but non-culturable state of H. pylori, I used non-invasive molecular methods. I analyzed 290 fecal samples from 178 human and animal hosts, from four...
Show moreThe mode of transmission of Helicobacter pylori, the cause of gastric ulcers in humans and a Class I human carcinogen, remains inconclusive. However, its presence in domestic animals or environmental waters is a public health hazard. In order to elucidate potential modes of transmission and circumvent limitations associated with the viable but non-culturable state of H. pylori, I used non-invasive molecular methods. I analyzed 290 fecal samples from 178 human and animal hosts, from four geographical regions: Florida, Kansas, Texas, and Nigeria using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 16S rRNA genes of Domain Bacteria and the isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD) genes of H. pylori. Cycle sequencing coupled with phylogenetic characterization of PCR amplicons representing Helicobacter spp. revealed both the identity and relatedness of the organisms. Of the sampled hosts, 27 humans and 71 pigs tested preliminarily positive for H. pylori based on the 16S rRNA gene. Six pigs were conclusively H. pylori positive based on the sequencing of the ICD gene whereas others showed a closer relationship to H. mastomyrinus and H. rappini. Mouse model experiments elucidated both kinetics and relative-infectivity of different strains of Helicobacter. Infectivity varied with mouse strain but was generally detected between 1- 15 days post-inoculation.
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Date Issued
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2011
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Identifier
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WFE0000263, uwf:60902
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Power Plant at NAS Pensacola, October 8, 1918.
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Author
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U.S. Navy
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Abstract/Description
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Two copies of a photo showing Building 47, the Power Plant in the center, and surrounding buildings at NAS Pensacola taken October 8, 1918. Two copies were provided due to a difference in quality and detail with the darker image providing a less stretched, but more obscured, view of the buildings while the lighter copy has significant stretching in its development yet is stamped with credit to the Photographic Lab of NAS Pensacola on the back. An archival summary is also provided on the back...
Show moreTwo copies of a photo showing Building 47, the Power Plant in the center, and surrounding buildings at NAS Pensacola taken October 8, 1918. Two copies were provided due to a difference in quality and detail with the darker image providing a less stretched, but more obscured, view of the buildings while the lighter copy has significant stretching in its development yet is stamped with credit to the Photographic Lab of NAS Pensacola on the back. An archival summary is also provided on the back of the photo.
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Identifier
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uwfnam_NAS_1918_8oct1918_camobuildingsandsmokestack
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Format
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Set of related objects
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Title
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Predatory Journal.
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Author
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Dugan, Robert E.
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Identifier
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WF1456432587, uwf:48866
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PREDICTING ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN FIRST-YEAR MATHEMATICS COURSES USING ACT MATHEMATICS SCORES AND HIGH SCHOOL GRADE POINT AVERAGE.
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Author
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Mayo, Sandra Sims, Stout, David L., Aplin, Charles O., Ncube, Matoteng M., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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Improving college performance and retention is a daunting task for colleges and universities. Many institutions are taking action to increase retention rates by exploring their academic programs. Regression analysis was used to compare the effectiveness of ACT mathematics scores, high school grade point averages (HSGPA), and demographic factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status for predicting final grades in students' first mathematics courses at Spring Hill College....
Show moreImproving college performance and retention is a daunting task for colleges and universities. Many institutions are taking action to increase retention rates by exploring their academic programs. Regression analysis was used to compare the effectiveness of ACT mathematics scores, high school grade point averages (HSGPA), and demographic factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status for predicting final grades in students' first mathematics courses at Spring Hill College. The results of this study were examined to validate whether the current system for placing students in first-year mathematics courses is successful. Data was used from 870 student records for the freshman fall cohorts from 2008 to 2010. Students were enrolled in Intermediate Algebra, Precalculus, or Calculus I. The results of the study indicate that ACT mathematics score, HSGPA, age, and gender were all statistically significant predictors of students' grades in their first-year mathematics courses with HSGPA the best predictor of all. It was recommended that admission counselors and mathematics department faculty place students in freshmen mathematics courses based on HSGPA, ACT mathematics scores, and the number of mathematics courses taken in high school but with a much stronger emphasis on HSGPA.
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Date Issued
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2012
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Identifier
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WFE0000347, uwf:61056
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PREDICTING DECISION-MAKING IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: THE ROLE OF PERPETRATOR GENDER, EMPATHY, EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, AND ANGER RUMINATION.
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Author
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Randolph, Robert Lee, Jr., Vodanovich, Stephen J., Friedrich, Douglas D., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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In this study, 388 undergraduate students acting as hypothetical jurors were given vignettes depicting domestic violence. Vignettes were varied by the perpetrator's gender (i.e., male or female) or victim's gender (i.e., male or female). In each vignette, the people involved were of opposite gender. Before reading the vignettes, the participants completed the following scales: Anger Rumination Scale (ARS), Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18), Rumination about...
Show moreIn this study, 388 undergraduate students acting as hypothetical jurors were given vignettes depicting domestic violence. Vignettes were varied by the perpetrator's gender (i.e., male or female) or victim's gender (i.e., male or female). In each vignette, the people involved were of opposite gender. Before reading the vignettes, the participants completed the following scales: Anger Rumination Scale (ARS), Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18), Rumination about an Interpersonal Offense Scale (RIO), and Assessing Emotion Scale (AES). After reading the vignettes, each participant was asked to assign a sentence and treatment recommendation to the perpetrator and complete a Juror Empathy Questionnaire (JEQ). Participants were also asked to complete a manipulation check questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed for each of the two dependent variables, sentencing and counseling recommendations, with all predictors being entered as a block. The results revealed that perpetrator gender, empathy, emotional intelligence (EI), and anger rumination play significant roles in jurors' decision-making.
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Date Issued
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2011
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Identifier
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WFE0000260, uwf:60877
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Predicting disordered eating behaviors with internet addiction, socia media use, and FOMO.
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Author
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Harris, Evan
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Abstract/Description
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Past research has found possible relationships between addictive internet use, social media use, and the fear of missing out (FOMO) and disordered eating behaviors. However, little research has been conducted to determine if these three factors can predict whether or not someone will engage in a disordered eating behavior. The present study was designed to establish such a relationship. Participants answered questions from a survey with from validated questionnaires (PIUQ, SME, FOMO, and EAT...
Show morePast research has found possible relationships between addictive internet use, social media use, and the fear of missing out (FOMO) and disordered eating behaviors. However, little research has been conducted to determine if these three factors can predict whether or not someone will engage in a disordered eating behavior. The present study was designed to establish such a relationship. Participants answered questions from a survey with from validated questionnaires (PIUQ, SME, FOMO, and EAT-III) that measured their addictive internet use behaviors, their social media use, their FOMO levels, and whether or not they engaged in five disordered eating behaviors: fasting, restricting meal size, using food substitutes, skipping meals, and smoking. Five hypotheses were developed and tested via logistic regression, predicting that the three independent variables would successfully predict participant engagement in all the disordered eating behaviors except for smoking. The results support the hypotheses, with fasting, restricting meal size, using food substitutes, and skipping meals all being significantly predicted by addictive internet usage, social media use, and FOMO. Social media use was a particularly significant predictor of reducing meal size and using food substitutes, and FOMO was a particularly significant predictor of reducing meal size and skipping meals.
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Date Issued
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2020, 2020
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Identifier
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1202021247, WFE0000716
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PREDICTING DIVER PERFORMANCE AT THE NAVAL DIVING AND SALVAGE TRAINING CENTER.
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Author
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Aaberg, Wayne Thomas, Kramer, Thomas J., Thompson, Carla J., White, Jill T., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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This research study utilizes a one group correlational research methodology based on a conceptual framework grounded in the Human Performance Model. The purpose of the study is to examine specific personality and demographic characteristics that may be potential predictors of diving performance within a military environment. The research question for the study is "To what degree are specific personality and demographic characteristics potential predictors of diving performance?"...
Show moreThis research study utilizes a one group correlational research methodology based on a conceptual framework grounded in the Human Performance Model. The purpose of the study is to examine specific personality and demographic characteristics that may be potential predictors of diving performance within a military environment. The research question for the study is "To what degree are specific personality and demographic characteristics potential predictors of diving performance?" Identification of specific traits as a standard selection process for predicting the success of diver candidates is a potential Human Performance Model consideration for military policy. The instrument used in the study was the Millon Index of Personality Styles Revised assessment tool and was administered to Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal and Marine Combat Divers. The data were analyzed using multiple regression and multivariate analysis within the quantitative research design. The researcher discovered that 10 Millon Index of Personality Styles Revised scales were statistically significant in relationship to performance. Findings of the study lend strong support for this type of assessment tool for candidate selection to support the military diver training.
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Date Issued
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2010
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Identifier
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WFE0000197, uwf:60857
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Predicting middle-achieving students' achievement in eighth-grade algebra 1.
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Author
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Jacobson, Jennifer Swann
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Abstract/Description
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Eighth-grade students who are placed into Algebra 1 but fail end-of-course exams may experience lowered grade point averages (GPAs) and loss of motivation for math or avoid taking advanced mathematics courses in high school. Middle-achieving students present challenges in terms of mathematics placement. Self-efficacy theory and locus of control theory suggest the noncognitive traits mathematics self-efficacy (MSE) and academic locus of control (ALOC) are associated with mathematics...
Show moreEighth-grade students who are placed into Algebra 1 but fail end-of-course exams may experience lowered grade point averages (GPAs) and loss of motivation for math or avoid taking advanced mathematics courses in high school. Middle-achieving students present challenges in terms of mathematics placement. Self-efficacy theory and locus of control theory suggest the noncognitive traits mathematics self-efficacy (MSE) and academic locus of control (ALOC) are associated with mathematics achievement and could predict achievement in eighth-grade algebra. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine whether MSE, ALOC, and prior-year State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness (STAAR) mathematics score predict achievement in eighth-grade algebra among middle-achieving students in South Texas more accurately than prior-year STAAR mathematics scores alone. The sample included 111 eighth-grade algebra students in a large suburban school district in South Texas, whose scores on the previous year's STAAR mathematics exam fell between the 25th and 75th percentiles. MSE predicted meeting grade-level standards (R 2 = .229), performance category (R 2 = .327), and percent score on the NEISD Algebra 1 Benchmark exam (R 2 = .317). ALOC was not associated with achievement on the NEISD Algebra 1 Benchmark exam. These results suggest that predictions of achievement in eighth-grade algebra for middle-achieving students were improved with the addition of measures of MSE, but not ALOC. Suggestions for future research include developing a mathematics locus of control instrument and broader studies exploring the relationship between MSE and achievement in eighth-grade Algebra 1.
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Date Issued
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2021, 2021
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Identifier
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1293881341, WFE0000763
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PREDICTING SIMULATED DRIVING PERFORMANCE UNDER HIGH AND LOW WORKLOAD ENVIRONMENTS USING COGNITIVE, VISUAL, AND PSYCHOMOTOR TASKS.
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Author
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Shanmugaratnam, Sharmili, Kass, Steven J., Arruda, James E., Marzilli, Scott T., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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Although many improvements to road and vehicle safety have been made in the United States over the past 2 decades, accident numbers have remained stable since 1980 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2003). Given that there are many serious motor vehicle accidents occurring each year, understanding the underlying causes of these accidents may help improve driver safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role cognitive, visual, and psychomotor domains play in predicting driving performance....
Show moreAlthough many improvements to road and vehicle safety have been made in the United States over the past 2 decades, accident numbers have remained stable since 1980 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2003). Given that there are many serious motor vehicle accidents occurring each year, understanding the underlying causes of these accidents may help improve driver safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role cognitive, visual, and psychomotor domains play in predicting driving performance. The participants were 55 drivers (mean age of 31 years, SD = 19.08) recruited from the University of West Florida. Participants performed 9 tasks that measured their abilities in the 3 domains and performed simulated driving under high workload (i.e., city) and low workload (i.e., highway) conditions. Results indicated that measures of visual acuity, tracking task, and age were predictive of performance at simulated city intersections and highway driver watchfulness-related behaviors. These results may aid in the development of a cost-effective and time-efficient method to assess driver fitness (e.g., license renewal).
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Date Issued
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2008
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Identifier
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WFE0000127, uwf:60788
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PREDICTING THE IDENTIFICATION OF GIFTED AND TALENTED STUDENTS USING PARENT PERCEPTIONS.
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Author
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Senn, LaVonda Kay, Evans, William H., Stout, David L., Gaines, Trudi, University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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There are numerous problems in the area of identification in gifted and talented programs. The following research study analyzes one of these problems: inequity in identification. Inequity in gifted and talented programs is generally caused by the lack of understanding in relation to various ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds. The research findings in this study further support the idea that better methods for identification of students from low socioeconomic and diverse ethnic...
Show moreThere are numerous problems in the area of identification in gifted and talented programs. The following research study analyzes one of these problems: inequity in identification. Inequity in gifted and talented programs is generally caused by the lack of understanding in relation to various ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds. The research findings in this study further support the idea that better methods for identification of students from low socioeconomic and diverse ethnic backgrounds should be explored.
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Date Issued
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2012
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Identifier
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WFE0000335, uwf:60974
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Predicts Six Miles A Minute, No Date.
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Author
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Unknown Publication
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Abstract/Description
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Photo of Rear Admiral William A. Moffett, Chief of Naval Aviation with a corresponding caption noting his belief that planes would be able to travel 300 to 400 miles an hour in the near future. Lt. Harold J. Brow's 274 flight speed is mentioned as the current highest flight speed.
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Identifier
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uwfnam_HJBbox3_ND_PredictsSixMPM
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Format
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Image (JPEG2000)
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Title
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Preflight 1989.
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Abstract/Description
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This photograph was taken at NAS Whiting Field on February 2, 1989. It shows Captain Dick Curran (US Marine Corp Instructor Pilot) and Lieutenant Fred Aten (student naval aviator) preflighting a Bell TH-57 Sea Ranger.
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Date Issued
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1989-02-02
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Identifier
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uwfnas_naswhitingfield_preflight_1989
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Format
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Image (JPEG2000)
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Title
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PRELUDE TO REBELLION: DIEGO DE REBOLLEDO VS. LUCAS MENENDEZ IN MID-17TH CENTURY SPANISH FLORIDA.
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Author
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Borgen, Linda Suzanne Cecelia, Worth, John E., Philen, Robert C., Hunt, Vickie G., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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Ethnohistoric interpretations of indigenous perspectives from the early colonial period remain a tenuous proposal for anthropologists. The limitedness of documents and their European authorship complicate the task considerably, and proposed arguments rely proportionately on researcher's skills of critical analysis. Yet the project of giving voice to the unrepresented and disenfranchised must supersede any hesitancy. Historic patterns are not without modern parallels; lessons to be learned...
Show moreEthnohistoric interpretations of indigenous perspectives from the early colonial period remain a tenuous proposal for anthropologists. The limitedness of documents and their European authorship complicate the task considerably, and proposed arguments rely proportionately on researcher's skills of critical analysis. Yet the project of giving voice to the unrepresented and disenfranchised must supersede any hesitancy. Historic patterns are not without modern parallels; lessons to be learned from the challenges faced by indigenous groups during the colonial period are too important to set aside for fear of scholarly criticisms. Answers provided by residents of St. Augustine to question nine of Governor Rebolledo's 1660 residencia [gubernatorial term investigation] provide a view of a dynamic event that changed the social landscape of Florida and contributed to the extinction of an indigenous culture group. The residencia reveals Governor Rebolledo's treatment of one individual, rather than the totality of the Timucuan leadership, as the impetus for the Timucuan rebellion of 1656. Contrasting markedly to other residencias, the report on Rebolledo's term evidences the passions, frustrations, and frailties that indelibly marked colonial interactions.
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Date Issued
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2011
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Identifier
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WFE0000264, uwf:60907
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PREMARITAL TRAINING CURRICULUM: A PROFILE AND ANALYSIS OF ONE FLORIDA COUNTY.
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Author
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Walsh, Larry James, Zimmerman, Sherri L., Deckert-Pelton, Melanie, Barlar, Dianne A., Wentz, Patricia J., University of West Florida
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Abstract/Description
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Premarital training and education have been shown to be effective in helping couples create and sustain healthy marriages, which have been linked to positive benefits for the partners, their children, and society. Training providers were invited to help create a composite picture of premarital training and curriculum priorities in Bay County, Florida. Individuals in long-term healthy marriages were also invited to evaluate curriculum priorities based on their experience. Study results showed...
Show morePremarital training and education have been shown to be effective in helping couples create and sustain healthy marriages, which have been linked to positive benefits for the partners, their children, and society. Training providers were invited to help create a composite picture of premarital training and curriculum priorities in Bay County, Florida. Individuals in long-term healthy marriages were also invited to evaluate curriculum priorities based on their experience. Study results showed no significant differences in curriculum subject priorities among 4 professional groups of training providers and no significant differences in average training time among the groups. A significant difference was found between the married individuals rating of 1 of the 9 curriculum subjects evaluated when compared to the training providers. Copies of this study were provided to Bay Countys training providers and county staff to improve their programs and also to interested citizens to increase awareness of premarital education benefits.
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Date Issued
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2008
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Identifier
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WFE0000140, uwf:60828
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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The presence of motivation: the impact of language brokering frequency and anxiety on the academic motivation and learning strategies of college students.
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Author
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Zatopkova, Katerina
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Abstract/Description
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Previous research studying language brokers (i.e., children/adolescents who translate for family members) has indicated a positive correlation between frequent language brokering and gains in cognitive development. However, there is evidence documenting elevated levels of anxiety in brokers, which may undermine cognitive developments. The purpose of this study was to examine how the anxiety levels would independently predict academic motivation and learning strategies in college and examine...
Show morePrevious research studying language brokers (i.e., children/adolescents who translate for family members) has indicated a positive correlation between frequent language brokering and gains in cognitive development. However, there is evidence documenting elevated levels of anxiety in brokers, which may undermine cognitive developments. The purpose of this study was to examine how the anxiety levels would independently predict academic motivation and learning strategies in college and examine how anxiety levels would interact with frequency of brokering. Specifically, language brokering frequency is predicted to have independent positive relationships with academic motivation and learning strategies. Language brokering frequency is expected to have a positive relationship with anxiety levels. The interaction between language brokering frequency and anxiety is expected to interfere with academic motivation and learning strategies. Our hypotheses and support from previous articles were partially supported; while a relationship between language brokering frequency, anxiety, and learning strategies was not indicated, a significant relationship was found between language brokering frequency and academic motivation including some of its subcomponents. These findings help to more directly understand the context of the language broker in emerging adulthood in higher academia and the impact on cognitive outcomes during this important transition into adulthood.
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Date Issued
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2020, 2020
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Identifier
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1222213013, WFE0000737
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Format
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Document (PDF)
Pages